October is a great month for fly fishing as the weather cools down, and many fish species, like trout, become more active before winter. Here’s a breakdown of the flies, tactics, and approaches that are typically effective during this time of year:

Flies to Use in October

        1.      Nymphs:

                Blue-Winged Olive (BWO) nymphs: These small nymphs are effective as BWOs hatch more frequently in cooler weather. Try using a smaller size 16-18 for more strikes.

                Stonefly nymphs: Especially larger patterns, as stoneflies become more active during fall. (Don’t forget to look under rocks to match the size of these simple but effective flies.)

                Pheasant Tail and Hare’s Ear nymphs: Classic patterns that imitate a variety of insect life and are always reliable.

                Egg patterns: Fish, especially trout, often focus on eggs during the spawning season, so these can be very effective.Tim Flagler has a simple egg pattern from Tight Line Flyfishing that works wonders! Here is the link: Tim Flagler Egg Pattern .

Here is a link to get the materials for this amazing fly.

Umpqua Fly Tying Hooks U202 50Pk 12 Scud/Pupa Hook Curved 1X Short 1X

UTC Ultra Thread 140 Denier Multiple Colors – White – Fly TyingStrongHareline Dubbin Egg Veil Milky White 
Hareline Dubbin Fly Tying Material McFly Foam
UTC Ultra Thread 140 Denier Multiple Colors – White – Fly Tying

        2.      Dry Flies:

                Blue-Winged Olive (BWO): BWOs are a primary hatch in October, especially on overcast days.

                October Caddis: A large, orange-colored caddisfly that can draw strikes from bigger trout. On the east coast they aren’t really referred to October caddis but they do work. 

                Terrestrials: Patterns like ants and beetles can still be effective on warmer days as terrestrial insects get blown into the water. Look for overhanging branches swing through these areas. Days that have slight rain can make this pattern extremely effective.

        3.      Streamers:

                Woolly Bugger: An all-time classic that works well in the fall when fish are more aggressive. Black with a little flash or a hotheaded woolly are amazing in the fall.

                Sculpin patterns: Mimic small baitfish or sculpins, which larger fish prey on heavily during this time of year. I like using the Black Nose Dace or Mickey Finn to change things up.

                Zonkers or Muddler Minnows: Great for enticing bigger trout that are looking for a substantial meal before winter. Big fish want big flies. It is rare for them to go after anything in the 10-20 range. They want to eat what is eating those. 

Tactics for October Fly Fishing

        1.      Go Deeper: As the weather cools, fish tend to stay in deeper pools and slower-moving water. Nymphing with a strike indicator and weighted flies can be highly productive. Using a tungsten head if you are tying your own flies can help get even the smallest fly to the bottom quickly. 

        2.      Focus on Streamers: October is the beginning of the pre-spawn period for many species, making fish more territorial and aggressive. Streamers are great for provoking reaction strikes from these fish.

        3.      Match the Hatch: Pay close attention to what’s hatching on the river. BWO and October Caddis are common hatches, so be prepared to switch to dry flies if you notice fish rising.

        4.      Slow Down Your Presentation: As water temperatures drop, fish metabolism slows, and they become less willing to chase fast-moving flies. Slower, more deliberate presentations can often yield better results. Take your time moving through the river.

        5.      Fish During Peak Times: Midday can be the most productive time in October, as the water temperature has warmed up slightly, making fish more active. This means sleep in, have a cup of coffee, (listen to the Lost Meander Podcast) and let the water warm up on those sunny October days before heading out.

Approach to the River

        1.      Stealth is Key: Fish are still wary, especially in clear water. Move slowly and keep a low profile to avoid spooking them. You might need to add to your tippet. Nine feet might become 12. Leaves are starting to fall so fish are going to be super spooky.

        2.      Read the Water: Look for deeper pools, slow runs, and areas with structure where fish are likely to hold. Fish tend to gather in these areas as they seek refuge and a steady flow of food. Under tree branches as mentioned before using terrestrials is key. 

        3.      Focus on Transitions: Fish are more likely to be found near the edges of fast and slow water, where they can rest while still having easy access to drifting food. If you are moving down stream, cast across the fast water and let it swing through. Look for the strike as the fly starts to rise. I personally love using a blowtorch fly here.

        4.      Adjust to Weather Conditions: Overcast days can be ideal for dry fly action, while sunny days might require nymphs or streamers in deeper sections of the river. Take that 5 minutes to see what is rising and if there is any surface activity.

These tactics and fly selections should help you maximize your success on the river during the month of October. If you have any tips or tricks in your neck of the woods, send us a message so we can recognize you and where you are from. We learn from the experiences of others.

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